Calculating machine



May 8, 1934. K. SIEWERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets$heet l Filed May 11, 1929 May 8, 1934.

K. SIEWERT CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 y 1934- I K. SIEWERT 1,957,

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May llI 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 8, 1934. SEWER-r 1,957,617

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1929, 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 y 1934- K. SIEWERT I CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 11. 1929 8 Sheets- Sheet 5 B H U I. I. 4.

Filed May 11, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 May 8, 1934. slEWERT 1,957,617

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 May 8, 1934. K. SIEWERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed May 11, 1929 nnnnnrnn Patented May 8, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Aktiebolaget Original Odhner,

Sweden Gottenborg,

Application May 11, 1929, Serial No. 362,222 In Sweden August 28, 1928 2 Claims.

This invention relates to calculating machines and more particularly to adding and subtracting machines of the ten-key-operated type in which a printing device. is used to print both the in 5 dividual numbers set up and the results obtained the totalizer.

The object of this invention is to provide a calculating machine which combines in an appropriate way the advantage of the handy small key board with the compactness of the full key board machine-and its visible indication of the numbers set up.

The invention is characterized, chiefly, in that the stepwise movable selector above referred to is provided with a set of separate elements marked with the digits to 9 by which the number set up may be read off.

As the said means to transfer the number set up to the counting wheels is arranged to perform a swinging movement in order to simplify the construction, another feature of the invention involves the provision of means to transform said movement into a rectilinear movement of the elements cooperating with the said stops of the selector to limit the movement of the swinging elements.

These and other features of the invention will be more fully pointed out in the following description in connection with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of a calculating machine according to this invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the entire machine. Fig. 2 isa side elevation of a row of stops of the selector together with those elements belonging to one section of the, selector which serve toshow the number set up. Said elements are shown in their normal position in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows the same parts as Fig. 2 but with the said elements set to show a digit set up. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the selector, partly in section, together with means to step and retract the selector. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the selector, as seen in its extreme'left hand position together with means to set and retract it. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the selector together with means to step the selector and adjust the stops thereof. Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the means to step the selector. Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the same means, likewise, partly in section. Fig. 9 is a rear end view of part of the selector together with means to restore the stops. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the selector together with means to restore the indicating elements. Fig. 11 is a top plan view of part of the selector. Fig. 12 is an elevation of one stop of the selector in inoperative position. Fig. l3'is a similar view of the same stop in operative or raised position. Fig. 14 is a horizontal sectionof the machine. Fig. 15 is a side elevation. as seen from the right, of a set of auxiliary keys together with the associate means for controlling the operation of the machine. Figs. 16 and 17 are side elevations, as seen in two different positions, of the means operative in adding to operate the accumulator and restore the tens transferring means. Figs. 18 and. 19 are similar views of the means to effect the same function in subtracting. Fig. 20 is a cross section of the shaft of the handle together with a cam disk to control the means to operate the totalizer. Fig. 21 is a top plan view of said cam disk with its connection to the shaft of the handle. Figs. 22 and 23 show the totalizing mechanism in longitudinal and horizontal section, respectively.

The main elements of the machine comprise the setting device with its keys and a selector movable step by step in the transverse direction of the machine and carrying means to display the number selected, a set of totalizing wheels, means to transfer the numbers set up to said totalizing wheels, and a printing device.

The machine may be best understood from a description of the design and operation of each separate main element followed by a general description of all of themovements necessary for performing a calculating operation.

The key board of the machine comprises ten keys 1 numbered from 0 to 9 and a set of other keys necessary for the operation of the machine the purposes and functions of which will appear from the following description. The digit keys numbered from 1 to 9 are arranged in two rows, whereas theO key is arranged separately in front of the others. The remaining keys are arranged in a separate longitudinally extending row to the right of the key board.

Each digit key comprises a rod movable up and down and provided at its top with a l ead carrying the respective digit. The rod, when depressed, operates by its lower end one arm of a two armed lever 4 mounted on a stationary shaft 5 the other arm of which ends in an upwardly directed member 4, Fig. 1. The upwardly directed end portions 4 of all of the levers are guided in openings formed in a stationary bar 6 and are alined in respect to each other in the longitudinal direction of the machine, as will appear from Fig. 1, thus constituting a longitudinally extending row of vertically movable elements. Each lever 4 is acted on by a spring 12 adapted to restore the lever to its normal position and lift the corresponding key, as soon as the latter is released after depression.

Mounted at a sufficiently higher level than said portions 4' to be freely movable thereabove is a selector movable in the transverse direction of the machine, said selector beingindicated as a whole by the reference numeral 16 on the drawings. The selector frame comprises side plates 25, 26 and connecting bolts or shafts 27, 28 there between. The selector moves on rolls 160 which engage in appropriate guide-ways provided in the stationary frame of the machine. Secured between the side plates 25, 26 in the lower portion of the selector frame are two horizontal plates 1'7, 18. Formed in said horizontal plates are longitudinal rows of apertures, the number of said rows depending on the desired capacity of the machine. Each such row comprises ten apertures situated at the same distance apart as are the bent-up end portions 1 of the levers 4, Said apertures form bearings and guide-ways for vertically movable stops 19, see Figs. 12, 13. These stops 19 comprise rods acted on by springs 20, each rod 19 having its individual spring, shaped as a strap engaging a hole formed in the rod and having projections 23 on both of its arms 21, 22 to cooperate with the apertures of the lower plate 18 in order to maintain the stop in its lowermost or inoperative position /Fig. 12/ or in its uppermost or operative position /Fig. 13/. The springs 20 are also so designed as to tend to displace the stops into either of these positions, depending on the position of the point 24 of the projections 23 relatively to the plate 18.

The object of the above said transverse shafts 2'7, 28 of the selector is both to stay the selector and to support means for displaying the number set up. These means, which are best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, comprise members, as 29, 30, arranged in pairs, one for each row of stops 19. The member 29 embraces the shaft 28 by a cam slot 31 and is further formed with a straight slot 132 engaged by the shaft 27. The member 30 is pivotally mounted on the shaft 28 and is provided with a peripheral flange 34 concentric to said shaft. A spring 36 connects member 30 to shaft 28 and tends to turn the member 30 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2. A pin 35 attached to the member 29 engages a slot 136 formed in the member 30 and serves to swing the member 29 upon rotation of the member 30. The slots 31, 132, 136 are situated and shaped so that upon said rotation of the member 29 a lower projection 32 of said member will move in the longitudinal direction of the machine in or substantially in a horizontal plane situated somewhat below the plane to which the stops 19 may be raised with their upper ends. Said projection cooperatesin the manner hereinafter set forth with the stops 19 to limit the rotation of the member 30. The members 30 are each provided upon their flanges 34 with the digits from 0 to 9, said digits being placed at such distances apart that one digit of any flange will show through a window 38 of the machine casing when the respective pro jection 32 is in engagement with a stop 19. In order to retain the members 30 in normal position a bar 37, Figs. 4 and 6, is provided, against which the members 30 bear with the upper end of their flanges 34 when the selector is in its normal position to the extreme right of the machine.

In this position the extreme left hand row of stops 19 of the selector is situated above the portions 4 of the key levers 4. Upon depression of a key 1 the respective end portion 4 will thus raise that stop of said row which is at this moment just above said portion. At the same time, the selector shall be moved one step to the left in order that upon the next depression of a key a stop of the second row of the selector counting from the left may be pushed upwards. The means for effecting this stepping operation are shown in Figs. 5, 7 and 8.

A spring 11 secured to the frame at one of its ends is attached at its other end to a fork shaped lever 57 pivoted at 200, the forked slot 58 of which is engaged by a roller 59 mounted upon a projection of the selector 16. The spring 11 tends to swing the lever 5'7 so as to cause the selector to move to the left. Normally, this movement will be prevented by a pawl 10 pivoted to the frame at 201 and engaging a rack 9 attached to the selector, said engagement being maintained by a spring 15. Provided beneath said rack is a second pawl 8, likewise mounted in the journal 201 and acted on by a spring 14 which tends to maintain this pawl out of engagement with the rack 9 and in engagement with a bar 7 mounted to turn about the transverse journal 202 and in turn resting on those arms of the key levers 4 which are raised due to depression of the keys. Upon depression of any of the keys the respective key lever will, as a result, raise the bar 7, which in turn operates the pawl 8, causing it to swing upwards through a tooth space of the rack 9 and release the pawl 10 from its engagement with the rack. Because of the fact that the surface of the pawl 10 to engage the rack 9 is situated somewhat more to the right than the corresponding surface of the pawl 8, the spring 11 will be allowed to displace the selector a distance to the left corresponding to said difference, as the pawl 8 is brought into engagement instead of the pawl 10. This will cause the pawl 10 to rest on the top of the succeeding tooth of the rack 9. As soon as the key depressed is released and is restored to normal together with its respective lever 4 due to the action of its spring 12 the spring 14 will lift the pawl 8 out of engagement with the rack 9, allowing the spring 11 to move the selector further to the left until the pawl 10 engages the next space of the rack under the action of its spring 15, thereby locking the selector in its new position.

Upon said stepping of the selector,.the flange 34 of the extreme left hand member 30 is caused to slide out of engagement with the bar 37 thereby releasing the respective spring 36, allowing it to swing the member 30 till that projection 32 of the member 29 which, when in normal position, is situated at the fore end of the first row of stops 19, see Fig. 2, during its forward movement over said row strikes the raised stop, thereby stopping the movement of the members 29, 30, see Fig. 3.

At the extreme right portion of the window 38 the member 30 will now show the digit corresponding to the key depressed.

Upon depression of another key, the operation described will be repeated, one stop of the second row of the selector counting from the left being now operated to set the second indicating -member 30 counting from the left so as to display the corresponding digit through the window 38 to the right of that previously displaced, as soon as the selector is moved a further step to the left upon release of the key.

After a number has been set up in the manner described and shown through the window 38 it should be transferred to the totalizing device 39, Fig. 1. The power necessary to effect this transfer is obtained from the shaft 44 which may be driven either manually by means of the handle 142, as shown in the drawings, or from a motor. From the said shaft 44 power is also obtained to restore the indicating discs 30 to normal position, to restore the selector to its normal extreme right handposition, and to restore the stops 19 to their lowermost position.

For the restoration of the indicating discs 30 I provide a transverse shaft 40 (see Fig. 10) situated behind the indicating discs and carried by two arms 41 and 46, mounted on the sationary shaft 42. The arm 41 is formed with a lateral arm 41' carrying a roller to engage a cam disk 43 secured to the shaft 44 of the handle. Said cam disk is formed with a notch which presentstwo cam surfaces of short peripheral length. This notch is engaged by the roller 45 in ihe normal position of the shaft 44. In this position the shaft 40 is at such a distance apart from the rear edge of the elements 29 as to allow the latter to be freely set. Upon the initial rotation of the shaft 44, that is to say, during a very little portion of its rotation, the roller 45 will slide up along one cam surface to swing the arms 41, 46 towards the selector, thereby causing the shaft 40 to engage the rear edges 47 of the disks 29 set and return the disks to their normal position, Then the shaft 46 will be locked in this position by a spring controlled pawl 48 roatably mounted on a pin 301 secured to the machine frame, said pawl engaging a lateral projection 203 of the arm 41, as soon as said initial part of the handle stroke has been completed. This position will be maintained until a pin 49 of the cam disk 43 during the last moment of the handle stroke displaces the pawl 48 to allow the arms 41, 46 to be restored to their normal position by a spring 50.

The restoration of the selector to its normal position to the right of the machine is effected during the last por'ion of the return stroke of the handle. To this end the following means are provided. Secured to the shaft 44 of the handle is an axial cam disk 51 /Figs. 5 and 14/ to be engaged by a roller 52 mounted at one end of a lever 53 pivoted at 204 to a transversely extending beam 78. The other end of said lever 53 (Fig. 5) is pivotally connec'ed to an arm 54 bearing with its lower edge upon a roller 56 on the driving fork 57 of the selector above referred to. A spring 60 tends to move the arm 54 to the right, thereby maintaining the lever 53 with its roller 52 in engagement wih the cam disk 51. The arm 54 is formed with a notch 55 in its lower edge and carries a roller 61 for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth. With the roller 52 in engagement with the plane side of the cam disk 51 the upper end of the lever 53 and the arm54 are moved to the left to such an extent that the notch 55 will be behind the roller 56 for each portion of the selector and its fork 57. When the cam disk 51 towards the end of the second portion of the stroke of the handle allows the upper end of the lever and the arm 54 to be moved to the right under the action of the spring 60, the notch 55 will operate the fork 57 causing it to move the selector to the right. During the last moment of the stroke of the handle, that is to say, when the selector has reached its normal position, or in fact a lit le distance more to the right, the notch 55 will be brought out of engagement with the roller 56 due to the fact that the roller 61 of the arm 54 will slide up on an inclined surface 62 so as to lift the arm 54. The selector is now free from the arm 54 to move to the left as the result of a succeeding depression of number keys in the manner already described.

Restoration of the raised stops 19 to their lowermost position may be effected by a horizontal pla e 63 secured to the machine frame /Fig. 9/ bent upwardly at its left hand end, as shown at 64, which will be engaged by the raised stops so as to depress them during the returning of the selector to normal. Fig. 9 shows the selector seen from the back in such a position of the machine that all rows of stops have been restored to normal by the plate 63. When during the returning of the selector the arm 54 on account of its roller 61 is raised by the inclined surface 62, the selector will return, until it is stopped by the upper pawl 10. I

The totalizing mechanism 39 to which the numbers set up should be transferred by rotation of the shaft 44 comprises a set of equal toothed wheels 65 movable independently of each other about the common shaft 66, see particularly Figs. 1 and 14. .The shaft 66 is carried by two arms 67, 68 turnable about the shaft 69. Right opposite each toothed wheel 65 there is provided a toothed segment 70 rotatable about the shaft 71 which may be engaged by its respective toothed Wheel or disengaged therefrom by a swinging movement of the arms 67, 68 about the shaft 69. The hubs of the toothed segments 70 are provided with upwardly directed arms 72 each of which is pivoted at 74 to the centre of an individual lever 73. end, as at 174, to a plunger shaped sliding block 75 moving in a vertical guide-way 100, the centre line of which is situated in the vertical plane through the axis of the shaft 71. The opposite end of each lever 73 is connected by a pivot 76, which is situated at the same distance apart from the journal 74 as is the pivot 174, to a straight rod 77 movable in the longitudinal direction of the machine in the horizontal plane through the axis of shaft 71 and is guided in openings in a transverse beam 78. The rods 77 are adapted to cooperate with the stops 19 of the setting mechanism, and to this end the level of the rods 'is chosen so that the rods will be situated somewhat ahove the horizontal plane through the tops of the stops 19 when in their lowermost position.

The relative distance of the rods 77 relatively to each other corresponds to the distance between the various rows of stops 19 and in the retracted position of the rods, the fore ends thereof will be situated somewhat in front of those stops which correspond to the digit 0, as will appear from Fig. 1.

The toothed segments 70 are driven by power derived from the shaft 44 of the handle in a way now to be described. The shaft 44 carries a cam disk 80 yieldingly connected to the shaft 44 by following means, see Figs. 20 and 21.

Keyed to the shaft 44 is a non-circular disk 207 having an elongated hub 208. Journaled on the hub 208 is the cam disk 80 as well as a strap 209 rigidly connected to said cam disk. Secured to the disk 207 is a pin 210 parallel to the shaft 44. Secured to this pin is one end of a spring 211 wound about the hub 208 between the arms of the strap 209, the other end of said spring being secured to a pin 212 carried by the strap 209. The cam disk 80 embraces the said firstmentioned pin 210 by a hook shaped part 213. Upon rotation of the shaft 44 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1, the disk 207 is caused to rotate, in turn operating the strap 209 and the cam disk 80 by means of the pin 210 and the spring 211. Should the cam disk 80 due, for instance, to too great speed of rotation of the shaft 44 or by any other reason present too large a resistance to the movement of the handle the pin 210 will come to move along the cam disk 80, while setting the spring 211 till the pressure thereof overcomes the resistance as exerted by the cam disk 80 which will, thus, be caused to partake in the continued movement. Engaging the cam disk 80 is a roller 214, Fig. I, mounted on an arm up standing from the hub of a strap 79 rotatably mounted on the shaft 71, which extends transversely over all of the toothed segments and is connected to each'individual segment by means of a traction spring 81. An arm 215 depending from the hub of said strap 79 is acted on by a spring 216 which tends to turn the strap 79 upwardly. Upon rotation of the cam disk 80 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 20, from the normal position shown in Fig. 1, the spring 216 will be allowed to turn the strap 79 upwardly. The toothed segments 70 will now be moved by the respective springs 81 thereby effecting a swinging movement of the respective levers 73 to cause the rods 77 to move towards the stops 19 of the setting mechanism. As soon as a rod 77 strikes such a stop 19 continued movement of the corresponding lever '73 will be prevented, thereby causing the respective toothed segment to stop in a position corresponding to the digit represented by the raised stop. The distance between the stops 19 of one and the same longitudinal row in the selector is so determined that, with the set of toothed wheels 39 in engagement with the segments 70, one toothed wheel will always be rotated a number of teeth that corresponds to the digit depressed. A toothedwheel will thus be rotated five teeth in respect of the digit 5, six teeth in respect of the digit 6 and so on.

The tens transferring mechanism may be best understood from a description of its operation. Each toothed wheel 65 of the totalizer carries 'at one of its sides a tooth shaped projection 82 adapted to engage a tens transfer pawl 83 pivotally mounted at 183. With the totalizer wheels 65 set to the digit 9 the teeth 82 will be in the position shown in Fig. 23 relatively to their respective tens transferring pawls 83. If in connection with an adding operation; any wheel 65 is rotated in this position, the tens transferring tooth 82 of this wheel will move the respective tens transferring pawl to an outer position in which the pawl is locked by a detent 84 engaging in front of a lateral bent position 107 of the pawl 83.

During a certain period of the stroke of the handle after the movement of the segment 70 in one direction or the other has been completed, the set of toothed wheels 65 is swung out of engagement with these segments. In this movement the members 83 and 84 due to their mounting on stationary shafts 133 and 184, respectively, in the plates 67 and 68 will maintain their positions relatively to the toothed wheels 65 unchanged. The set of toothed wheels 65 are now brought into engagement with toothed segments 85 mounted on the shaft 71 alternately with the toothed segments 70. As the set of toothed wheels 65 is thus swung outwards those tens transferring pawls 83 which have been moved to the said outer position will displace detents 86 of the segments 85, allowing these segments to be rotated by. springs 87 through an angle that corresponds to the pitch of the toothed wheels 65. A

segment 85 meshesin a toothed wheel 65 situated adjacent the wheel the tooth 82 of which has released said toothed wheel by means of the members 83 and 84. As a result, the adjacent wheel will be rotated one tooth, as any totalizing wheel has passed from 9 to 0.

The machine is intended for addition and subtraction. In adding the controlling devices are so arranged that during the return stroke of the operating handle the totalizing wheels engage the segments 70 which will act upon said wheels during their returning motion. In subtracting the case is the reverse. Then the segments 70 engage the wheels 65 during the forward stroke of the handle. In this manner the wheels 65 will be rotated by the segments 70 in opposite direction in subtracting than in adding. The same is the case regarding the segments 85, the springs 87 of which occupy the position A in adding (see Fig. 1) and, consequently, rotate the wheels 65 in the same direction as the segments 70 do in adding, whereas in subtracting the springs 00-- cupy the position B and consequently act in opposite direction.

The details of the tens transferring mechanism are restored by the shaft 101 which is journaled in the frame of the machine and extends through openings 102 formed in the segments 85. Prior to a tens transfer, while the segments 85 are locked by the detents 86, the shaft 101 will be in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 23 in which the distances to the two end surfaces 103 and 104 of an opening 102 are so chosen that a segment 85 will be rotated by means of the spring 87, as soon as its respective detent 86 is released, one pitch in a direction determined by the mode of calculation, that is, upwards in addition and downwards in subtraction, before it will be stopped against the shaft 101 by engagement of any of the surfaces 103 or 104 therewith. During a certain period of the stroke of the handle while the set of toothed wheels 65 is in mesh with the segments 70, the shaft 101 will be rotated to move those segments 85 which have been swung outwards, irrespective of the direction in which this has taken place. to an intermediate position. The detents 86 acted on by the springs 105 will lock these segments in this position. The tens transferring pawls 83 as well as the locking detents 84 will be restored as soon as the segment 85 is swung outwards in connection with the tens transfer. The segments, 85, when thus swung, will move levers 217 which will in turn operate the detents 84 so as to lift the notch 106 of these detents over the lateral bents 107 of the clutching pawls 83 which are then caused by the springs 108 to move to their innermost position relatively to the wheels 65. g

The means to bring the set of toothed wheels 65 into and out of engagement with the segments 70 and 85 are best shown in Fig. 15. These means comprise a cam disk 110 secured to the shaft 220 and having a double acting cam slot engaged by a journal pin 221 secured to one of the plates 67, 68 carrying toothed wheel shaft 66. The cam disk 110' which by the shaft 220 is rigidly con nected with the arm 310 is connected by a link 111 to the member 114 rotatable about the journal 112 secured to the frame, and adapted to be operated in different ways by a cam disk 115 on the shaft 44 of the handle upon the movement of said handle. The machine is adapted for addition and subtraction. With the machine set for addition, the elements 114 and 110 will be rotated as the edge 116 of the cam disk 115 at the end of the stroke of the handle imparts a swinging movement to the element 138, causing the elements 118, 114, 111 to rotate the member 118 and bringing the set of toothed wheels into mesh with the segments 70. Said set of toothed wheels will be brought out of mesh with the segments 70, when the edge 117 of the cam disk 115 during the second part of the stroke of the handle rotates the element 114 back again by means of the arm 137. In the performance of an addition the set of wheels 65 will thus be brought into mesh with the segments during the second part of the stroke of the handle and the segments 70 will, consequently, operate the toothed wheels during their return movement. In subtraction the case is just the reverse, the segments 70 being in such case in mesh with the toothed wheels 65 during the first part of the stroke of the handle. The wheels 65 will thus move in opposite directions at subtraction and addition.

In connection with the swinging movement of the set of the toothed wheels the link 119 pivoted to the cam disk 110 will rotate the toothed wheel 134 which engages the wheel 133 on the shaft 101, causing it to rotate and restore the segments 85, Figs. 18 and 19.

The printing device which is principally of well-known design is shown in Fig. 1. Each segment 70 has hingedly connected to it a type arm 91 having types numbered from 0 to 9. A spring 187 acting on the type arm by means of a member 302 maintains the type arm in permanent engagement with a hammer 88. Cooperating with each individual hammer 88 is a pawl 90 mounted on the shaft 89 which is in turn carried by arms swinging about the shaft 189. When due to the operation of the handle 142 a segment 70 is moved, a corresponding type arm 91 will be operated thereby lifting a lateral projection 92 of the type arm out of engagement with the respective pawl 90 so as to cause the latter during its swinging movement to catch the bent portion 95 of the hammer 88, taking the same with it, until at a certain moment of the stroke of the handle the pawl 90 will be released from the hammer because of the arm 93 of the pawl striking the bar 94, allowing the hammer to move the type arm towards the drum 97 through the medium of the spring 96. Printing of the number set or the sum obtained as result of the totalizing operation is effected on a paper sheet or strip placed around the drum.

A detailed description of the operation of the machine above described will now be given in connection with the performance of an adding operation. Let it be assumed, that the number 19 is to be added to a preceding number and printed. The machine may be assumed to be in normal position with the selector 16 at the right hand side of the machine, as shown in Fig. 14.

The operator first depresses the key numbered with the digit 1. This will cause an arm 4 to raise a stop 19 corresponding to the digit 1 in the extreme left hand row of stops. At the same time the arm 4 acts on the beam 7 /Figs. 1, 5, '1, 8/ which in turn raises the pawl 8 causing it to enter a space of the rack 9 thereby bringing the pawl 10 out of engagement with said rack and effecting a slight displacement of the selector. When the key depressed isthen released, the pawl 8 slides out of engagement with its space allowing the selector to move through the remainder of one step to be stopped at next tooth by the pawl 10. During this stepping the indicating member 30 belonging to the first row of stops will slide over the end of the bar 37 to be then swung outwards by spring pressure, until it is stopped by the medium of its part 29 against the raised stop 19 corresponding to the digit 1 /Fig. 3/. It is thus seen that, after the number 1 key has been depressed and again allowed to return to its uppermost position, a stop corresponding to the digit 1 has been raised in the first row of stops 19, the selector 16 has been moved one step, and an indicating ele ment has been set to such a position that the number 1 may be viewed at the extreme right of the observation opening 38.

The operator then depresses the number 9 key. This will raise a stop 19 corresponding to number 9 in the second row of stops, step the selector a further step, and set the indicating element of the second row into position to show the digit 9 through the opening 38. After this operation is completed the number 19 will thus show in the opening 38.

The operator now turns the handle. At the be ginning of this movement the arm 53 is caused to swing thereby to prepare the restoration of the selector, inasmuch as the spring 60 will be set and the pawl 54 moved to a position such as to be capable of acting on the arm 57. In the continued turning of the handle the cam disk and the spring 216 /Fig. 1/ will cause the arm '79 to swing from the set of toothed segments 70. In this movement the springs 81 will raise the two segments '70 situated furthest to the right to effect raising of the respective type arms 91, until the rods 77 belonging thereto are stopped by the two raised stops 19 of the selector, that is to say, the outer rod by the stop corresponding to the digit 9 and the other rod by the stop corresponding to the digit 1. The re maining segments are held against movement by their rods 77 whichare locked by the bar 99 /Fig. 14/ of the selector.

Towards the end of the first part of the stroke of the handle said movement of the arm '79 ceases. Printing of the number 19 will now be efiected, as soon as those hammers 88 which belong to the two extreme right hand type arms are released from their pawls 90 when the latter during the swinging movement of the shaft 89 reach the edge of the plate 94. Substantially simultaneously with the printing the totalizing wheels will be brought into engagement with the segments 79, This is due to the fact that the edge 116 of the, cam disk 115 as well as the elements 138 and 118 /Figs. 16 and 17/ will cause the element 114 to swing with the result that also the cam disk 110 will be set in motion to move the set of totalizing wheels 65 into mesh with the segments 70.

Upon the return stroke of the handle then following, the arm 79 will restore the segments '70 to their lowermost position thereby rotating the units and tens totalizing wheels in question 9 and 1 teeth, respectively.

Towards the end of the return stroke the edge 11? of the cam disk 115 through the medium of the elements 137, 114, 11 and 110 will bring the totalizing wheels 65 out of mesh with the segments 70 and into mesh with the transferring segments 85 /Fig. 16/. Assuming the number, to which the number 19 should be added, does not contain the units digit 0 the units number wheel has been rotated to such an extentthat its tens transferring tooth 82 has released the tens transferring pawl 83 and the tens transferring pawl of the units Wheel will release the detent 86 of that segment 85 which has been brought into engagement with the tens wheel, causing it to take a further step.

During the last part of the return stroke of the handle the selector is returned to its initial position by the pawl 54 and all of its elements are restored to normal.

Because of the fact that the indicating disks are restored at the beginning of the first part of the stroke of the handle and the selector is returned to its initial position and the stops 19 are depressed to their lowermost position at the end of the second part of the stroke of the handle, said restoration of the setting mechanism will take place within a rather small angle of the movement of the handle counting from its initial position. This will enable correction of an erroneously set number which may be easily discovered by a look at the observation opening through which the numbers set are shown.

The other operations that may be performed by the machine will be only set forth briefly.

When it is desired to effect a subtraction see Figs. 18 and 19/ not only the number to be subtracted but also the subtraction key marked should be depressed prior to turning the handle. The turning of the handle will now, through the medium-of the edge 120 of the cam disk 115 and the elements 121, 122 and 123, turn the member 114 thereby to efiect engagement between the totalizer and the segments 70. Depression of the subtraction key causes in a manner known per se that when on following operation of the handle the member 114 is'swung, the springs 98 for the segments 85 are shifted from position Ain adding to position B in subtracting causing the direction of movement of the segments 85 to be reversed. The totalizing wheels Will be brought out of mesh with the segments 70 at the end of the first part of the handle stroke because of the fact that edge 116 of the cam disk 115 will turn the member 114 to its second position through the medium of the elements 138, 130 and 137.

In order to effect the totalizing operation the total key is depressed. A succeeding operation of the handle will bring the totalizing wheels into mesh with the segments '70 in the same way as is described above in connection with the subtracting operation, that is through themedium of the edge 120 of the cam disk 115 and the elements 121, 122, 123, 114 and 111 as Well asthe cam disk 110. Disengagement of the totalizing mechanism takes place in the same way as described in connection with the description of the subtracting operation, that is by the edge 116 of the cam disk 115 which turns the element 114 through the medium of'the elements 138, 130

and 137.

In the totalizing operation the tens transferring pawls 83 will be locked by the locking bar 98 and the set of totalizing wheels will be brought into mesh with the segments in their lowermost position. The bar 99 of the selector 16 (Fig. 14) is swung to the side so as not to lock the rods 7'7. Depending on the position of the wheels 65 the type arms will be raised to different heights. In their uppermost position the total will be printed.

Assuming the subtotal key has been depressed, the same functions as those described above in connection with depression of the total key will first take place, but the disengagement of the totalizing wheels from the segments 70 will first be effected towards the end of the second portion of the handle stroke, that is when the member 114, as in addition, is moved by the arm 137 and the edge 11'? of the cam disk 115. In respect of both the total and subtotal keys the locking bar 98 of the tens transferring pawls is operated by the arms 139, 140 and 141.

In order to obviate too great speeds of the elements of the machine at the operation of the handle the handle 142 and the cam disk 51 may be yieldingly mounted on the shaft 44, as above described in connection with the description of the cam disk 80. Moreover, the speed will be regulated during the return stroke of the handle by means of a braking device 131 (Fig. 1).

It is to be noted that a calculating machine of the type above described presents several advantages as compared with hitherto known designs. The provision of an indicating device in connection with ten number keys will enable a speedy operation and a visible supervision of the number set. Because the members showing the number set are mounted in the selector, the visible indication of the number set may be obtained in a rather simple way. Any separate frame to carry the indicating elements is not required, nor any additional members to effect the operation of the indicating elements are required, when the position of said elements is determined by those stops of the selector which determine the movement of the means to carry the number set to the totalizing wheels. This placing of the indicating elements will also resuit in advantages in respect of the operation of the machine. The power required to effect a quick depression of a number key will not be increased by the presence of the indicating elements. Because of the placing of the selector together with the indicating mechanism carried thereby in the foremost portion of the machine the opening through which the numbers set are shown may be given a suitable position on the machine. At the same time, the means by which the keys operate the stops of the selector may be of simple design, of short length and of small weight which will contribute in holding the necessary key pressure down at a low value.

As the number set is thrown into the totalizing wheels by means of swinging segments the movement of which, when stopped by the stops of the selector 16, has been translated into a rectilinear movement, there will be secured not only a slight friction due to the swinging movement but also that the parts which engage the stops of the selector will in a simple way be positively guided and that type arms of the printing device may be directly connected to these segments.

What I claim is:

1. In a ten digit key calculating machine, the combination of a selector rectilinearly movable step by step, parallel rows of adjustable stop pins in said selector arranged so as normally to lie with their operating ends in a plane, two parallel shafts provided in said selector at right angles to said rows of stop pins, an element mounted on one of said shafts above each row of stop pins so as to be capable of performing a combined swingi g and sliding movement with a part thereof moving rectilinearly immediately over the respective' row of stop pins, an indicating element rotatably mounted on the other shaft adjacent said first-mentioned element, a connection to transmit-motion between said elements, and a spring for actuating said elements until the said first-mentioned element engages a stop pin set to operative position.

2. In a ten digit key calculating machine, the combination of a selector rectilinearly movable step by step, parallel rows of adjustable stop pins in said selector adapted to be set to operative position by the depression of the keys, said rows of stop pins extending at right angles to the direction of movement of the selector with the operating ends of the pins lying in a plane when in normal position, two shafts carried by said selector above the rows of stop pins at right angles thereto, an element mounted on one of said shafts above each row of stops so as to be capable of performing a combined swinging and sliding motion in the plane of the respective row, said element having a curved slot engaged by the other shaft and of such a form as to cause a part of the element to move in a plane immediately above the upper ends of the stop pins of the respective row and be held up by engaging a stop pin set to operative position, an indicat ing element rotatably mounted on said other shaft adjacent said first-mentioned element, a spring for rotating said indicating element around said other shaft, and a connection between said elements to transmit motion therebetween.

KARL SIEWERT. 

